The Roman ruins on Mikhaelerplats, risotto al caviale photo
The history of Vienna ascends by the I century of our era. On a small town place until then there were settlements of Celts. In the middle of the I century on the district of the today’s centre of the capital there was the Roman outpost. Have christened it Vindobona.
Romans lived there till the end of the V century. The Roman Empire has broken up, and armies have abandoned Vindobona. Huns have lodged in the ruined small town, behind them have come лангобарды, Avars, Slavic tribes.
In the IX century to the barbarous settlement which was on the destroyed Vindobona’s place, armies of the governor of francs of Charles Velichavogo have approached. The territory has got to a dynasty of Carlovingians. In Vindobona’s northeast the new master has given the order erect the lock, Sacred Ruprecht’s temple has been at that time constructed also. In documents of 881 years the new title of the small town – Vienna for the first time meets.
Ruprekhtskirkh (Ruprechtskirche), Josef Lex photo
The city has been successfully placed on a strategic trading way. It brought in to treasury the big income and promoted its development. Since 1155 margrave Henry II Babenberg declared the prospering Vienna the capital of Austria.
In the middle of the XIII century the dynasty Babenbergov was stopped, and in Vienna Gabsburgi have set in. The powerful dynasty was fixed in the capital and ruled Austria till the XX century. Friedrich V Gasburga crowned in Rome. He has received a title of the governor, and Vienna practically became the empire capital. Since 1469, on command of the Pope, in the small town the episcopal chair has been founded.
Failure has come to Vienna in 1529 – the city was attacked by Turkish army. Turks have been rejected from the small town – defenders of Vienna were promoted by the premature beginning of winter, besides in the ranks of enemies epidemic has begun. But, one and a half century later the 2nd siege of the small town armies of the Ottoman Empire has followed. Now against them three church armies have merged. Allies наголову have broken east conquerors. More Turks never tried to take Vienna.
Plague column (Wiener Pestsaule), bewilder2009 photo
The small town was threatened by other failure – the plague epidemic devastating Europe already raged. The third part of the Vienna population has died of plague. Now about awful diseases and marvellous disposal of inhabitants of epidemic are remembered by a plague column – to Pestzoil.
Since the XVIII century in Vienna crafts, the industry, textile creation developed. At first the XIX century two times entered the city Napoleonic armies, but it has not prevented its prosperity. Vienna was famous for the whole world as the musical capital; here special construction style was formed, the science developed. By the XX century the capital of Austria deservedly was registered on the cultural centre of world value.
Хофбург (Hofburg), ThomasWeber photo
Falling Gabsburgov in the course of the I World war has led to decline of Vienna. The housing crisis has come to the city, hunger has begun. After final disintegration of the Austro-Hungarian empire Vienna has been proclaimed the capital of the Austrian republic. The period of establishment of a mode of an avstrofashizm further has followed, and in 1938 Hitler appointed an anschluss of Austria to Germany.
In the spring of 1945 Vienna was liberated by Reddish Army. Already Russian armies occupied a northeast part of the small town directly till 1955.
The next lifting of Vienna has begun with the middle of the XX century. Reconstruction of the historical centre has been carried out. The small town was returned by a former look, and modern Vienna again as is magnificent, as well as centuries back.
Vienna (Gerhard photo)